File Handling in Python🤩

FILES IN PYTHON

Python has the feature to operate on files in python programming language. The concept of file handling has stretched over various other languages, but the implementation is either complicated or lengthy, but alike other concepts of Python, this concept here is also easy and short. Python treats file differently as text or binary and this is important. 

Each line of code includes a sequence of characters and they form text file. Each line of a file is terminated with a special character, called the EOL or End of Line characters like comma {,} or newline character. It ends the current line and tells the interpreter a new one has begun. 

FILES -->in PYTHON

The different features of file handling are discussed below:

Python has several functions for creating, reading, updating, and deleting files. The main command in the file handling is the open() command which is used to open/create the files according to the input given in it.

1. open(filename, mode) → open command consists of two parameters one is the name of the file and another one is called mode, there are several methods for opening a file they are,

r - Read - Default value. Opens a file for reading, error if the file does not exist

a - Append - Opens a file for appending, creates the file if it does not exist

w - Write - Opens a file for writing, creates the file if it does not exist

x - Create - Creates the specified file, returns an error if the file exists

In addition to this, we can use the following methods to read and write at the same time.

r+ → read and write → won’t override

w+ → Read and write → override the existing data

a+ → append and read → won’t override

In addition, you can specify if the file should be handled as binary or text mode

‘t’- Text - Default value. Text mode

‘b’ - Binary - Binary mode (e.g. images)

Example:

file = open('demo.txt', 'r')

2. read()

There is more than one way to read a file in Python. If you need to extract a string that contains all characters in the file then we can use file.read().

Example:

file = open("file.text", "r") 


print (file.read())

print(a.read(5))--> returns the first 5 characters from the document

Hello




3.readable()




Return True or False according to the condition that is the file
readable or not.

4. dir()

This function shows all the features of the mode in which the file is opened with

the variable name assigned to in the bracket.

5. mode()

This return the file mode as return.

6. name()

This returns the address of the file.

7. close()

This is used to close the file at the end of working over it.If we don't close a file

it occupies space in RAM.

a=open(‘file.txt’) or a=open(‘file.txt’,r)

a.close()-->closes the file

8. write()

To manipulate a file write function can be used in python.

Example:

file = open('demo.txt','w')
file.write("This is the write command")
file.write("It allows us to write in a particular file")
file.close()

9. tell()

This function gives the cursor position in the file.

10. seek()

This sends the cursor to a specified position in the file content.

11. readline()

This function is used to operate on one line of the file content.

print(a.readline())--> returns the first line from the document

Hello everyone, my name is python I am one of the most popular programming languages.

For printing more than one line you can use the readline() multiple times.

12. readlines()

This function can print the whole file content in a form of a list.

13. with

This function is used by file to group more than one file operation together for

execution. The advantage of this function is that it automatically closes the file

after performing the operation.

Creating a new file

As we discussed before we can create a new file by using write and append mode, while using it it will check whether the file is present or not. If the file is not present the code itself create a new file with the given name.
To create a new file in Python, use the open() method, with one of the following parameters:
‘x’ - Create - will create a file, returns an error if the file exists
‘a’ - Append - will create a file if the specified file does not exist
‘w’ - Write - will create a file if the specified file does not exist